Cultivator



6 SheetsSheet 1.-

(No Model.) 7 J. F. PAOKER.

GULTIVATQR.

o. 498,294. Patented May 30, 1893.

(No Model.) 1 6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. F. PAGKER. GULTIVATOR. No. 498,294. Patented May 30, 1893.

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(No Model.) "6 SheetsS heet a,

' F. PACKER', GULTIVATOR.

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ATENT JOHN F. PAOKER, OF LA GRANGE, ILLINOIS.

CULTIVATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 498,294, dated May 30,1893.

' Application filed January 18. 1892- Serial No. 418.527. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN F. PAoKER,a citizen of the United States,residing at La Grange, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and usefulImprovements in Cultivators, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 is a top or plan view. Fig. 2 is a sideelevation. Fig. 3 is an end elevation.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail, being a rear ele-' vation of one of thegangs of disks. Fig.- 5 is an enlarged detail, being a side elevation ofone of the inner disks. Fig. 6 is an end view of the standard whichsupports the inner disk, being a view on line (i-6 of Fig. t,l00king tothe left. Fig. 7. is a central vertical section on line xm of Fig.- 4.Fig. Sis a detail, being a view of one of the sand bands shown in Fig.7, with the bolt which passes through it; showing also a cross sectionof the bolt. Fig. 9 isa detail view of the other side of the inner diskfrom that shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 10 is an enlarged detail, being an endelevation of the two outer disks of one of the gangs, and the standardwhich supports them. Fig. 11 is a vertical cross section on line 1111 ofFig. 10, looking to the right. Fig. 12 is a detail, being a partialfront elevation of one of the disks. Fig. 13 is a detail view of theshaft which supports the standard upon which are mounted the outerdisks. Fig.14Eisa top or plan view of one of the main supportingbrackets. Fig. 15 is a rear elevation of the same. Fig. 16 is an endview of Fig. 14, looking to the right. Fig. 17 is a plan View of thelower portion ofone side of the cultivator arch. Fig. 18 is a sideelevation of one of the adjusting levers, and also a top view of thesame. Fig. 19 is a vertical section on'line 0cac of Fig. 10. Fig. 20 isa side view of one of the sand bands, upon the shaft upon which theouter disks are mounted, and also a plan view of the same; and Fig. 21isa top or plan view of one of the gangs.

My invention relates to disk cultivators.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a disk cultivator thedisks of which will be vertically adj ustable, so that the relativedepth of cut of. the different disks may be regulated asdesired. 1 I

Another object of myinvention is to provide a cultivator in which theinner disks may be adjusted to the line of motion independently of theouter disks, so that in cultivating young plants the amount of dirtthrown by the cultivator can be accurately regulated, so as not to coverup or disturb the plants, without necessitating a similar adjusting ofthe outer disks.

A third object of my invention is to provide a disk cultivator in-whichthe angle of the disks to the line of motion may be accurately adjusted.1

In cultivators as heretofore constructed,

the matter of adjustment has been one to be determined largely by guesswork, and it has been very difficult to adj ustthe two gangs of disks atequal angles to the line of motion of the cultivator. The operation ofsuch cultivators has thereby been rendered much more difficult andunsatisfactory.

Another object of my invention is to improve generally the constructionand operation of cultivators of this class.

I accomplish these objects as hereinafter specified and as illustratedin the drawings.

- That which I regard as new will be pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings,1 indicates the frame of the cultivator, which iscomposed of a tongue or pole 2, and double trees 3 and 4. mountedthereupon. The double tree 4 is placed a short distance in the rear ofthe double tree 3, as best shown in Fig. l, and is preferably on theunder side of the pole.

5, indicatesstraps, one of which depends from each end of the doubletree 3, and is adapted to carry a single tree 6, as best shown' in Fig.3. v I

7, indicates rods, one of which extends from each end of the double tree4 to the lower end of the strap 5 on the same side of the pole 2, asbest shown in Fig. 1. By this construction the draft is equalized andanother advantage is attained in that the double-trees arranged andconnected as described permit the hitch to be low enough to take thedraft off the necks of the team, thereby making the operation of themachine much easier.

8, indicates a cultivator arch, which is secured at its upper end to thepole 2, and extends downward, preferably in the form of a semicircle, asbest shown in Fig. 4. The

lower ends of the arch 8 are provided with inward projections orsupports 9, as best shown in Fig. 4. By constructing the arch 8 with theinward projecting portions or supports 9, the disk-carrying brackets maybe moved much closer together without narrowing the arch, than inconstructions heretofore used.

10,indicates brace rods, which extend from a block 11, mounted in thefront portion of the frame 1, backward and outward to the lower ends ofthe arch 8, to which theyare rigidly connected by rivets or bolts.

12, indicates the handles of the cultivator, which at their forward endsare secured to the braces 10, and at their rear ends are bent outward atan angle, as shown in Fig. 1.

13,14, indicate braces for securing the handles in position.

17, indicates one of the brackets from which are supported the disks.One of these brackets is secured upon each inward projection 9 of thearch 8, as will be hereinafterdescribed. Each bracket 17 is about of theshape shown in Figs. 14, and 16, having two seginental portions 18 and19 at diagonally opposite portions, as best shown in Fig. 14. The sements 18 and 19 are each provided with a number of adjusting holes 20for adjusting the angle of the disks, as will be hereinafter described.

15, indicates an ear formed on the inner portionof each bracket 17,toeach of which ears is connected a brace rod 16, as best shown in Fig.2. The upper ends of the brace rods 16 are secured to the braces 10, andthe rods 16 serve to brace the brackets 17 and inward projections 9. V

Extending transversely of each bracket'17 on its central line, is a slot21, which is adapted to receive the inward projection 9 of the arch 8,as best shown in Fig. 4.

22 indicates a hole, extending longitudinally of thebracket 17 andacross the slot 21, which hole may be located at any desired point.

23, indicates a number of holes which are made in each of the extensions9 of the arch 8, as best shown in Fig. 17. The hole 22 in the bracket 17is so placed that it may be made to register with one of the holes 23 inone of the extensions 9, by moving the bracket upon such extension. Thebracket may be secured in position by passing a bolt or pin through thehole 22 and one of the holes 23, and its position on said extension maybe readily adjusted.

24, 25, indicate bosses which are formed at suitable points on eachbracket 17, as best shown at Fig. 14, and are provided with holes orbearings 26, adapted to receive the shanks which support the disks. areso located that they will be at the center of circles of which thesegments 18 and 19 are arcs.

Each cultivator gang consists of three disks, 27, 28,and 29, two ofwhich, 28 and 29, are mounted upon a single shaft 30, as best shown inFig. 19. The other disk, 27, is

The bearings 26 mounted upon a shaft 31, as best shown in Fig. 7. Theshaft is journaled in a sleeve 32, which serves both to act as a bearingfor the shaft and to hold the disks 28 and 29 at a uniform distanceapart.

33, 34, indicate sand bands, having convex and concave surfaces,respectively, which sand bands are adapted to screw upon the ends of theshaft 30, the shaft being screw threaded for that purpose. The sandbands 33 and 34 are each provided with an annular flange 35, adapted toreceive the adjacent end of the sleeve 32, as best shown in Fig. 19, andwhen screwed tightlyin place the sand bands are adapted to fit closelyto the ends of the sleeve 32. Between each end of the sleeve 32 and theadjacent sand band, is provided a leather washer 36, which washers serveas bearings for the ends of the sleeve 32, and act to take the wear.

37, indicates lugs, formed upon the faces of the sand bands 33 and 34,which lugs are adapted to fit into holes in the disks 28 and 29 toprevent the rotation of the disks independently of the sand bands andshaft 30.

65, and 66, indicate nuts, convex and coneave respectively, which screwupon the ends of the shaft 30 to bind the disks 28 and 29 to the sandbands 34 and 33, as best shown in Fig. 19.

38, indicates a standard, which is rigidly secured to the bearing 32, asbest shown in Fig. 11. If desired, it may be formed integral therewith.The standard 38 is bent outward near its upper end, to form an arm 39,which serves to support a scraper bar 40, as best shown in Figs. 10 and11. i

41, indicates scrapers, which are movably mounted upon the bar 40 andbear against the inner faces of the disks 28 and 29, in such manner asto form an obtuse angle with the periphery of the disks, as best shownin Fig. 11. By this construction, the dirt is discharged toward thecenter of the disk, which is desirable. The upper end of the arm 39 iscut away on the inside, as best shown in Fig. 10, or otherwise so shapedas to permit of the admission of a spring 42 between the ends of the arm39, in which is supported the scraper bar 40, as best shown in Fig. 10.The spring 42 is coiled around the bar 40 and bears against a pin 67 andone of the arms 39, whereby its tension operates to hold the scrapers incontact with the inner faces of the disks.

43, indicates a shank, which at its upper end is circular in crosssection, and at its lower end is preferably flattened, and is secured tothe forward side of the standard 38, as best shown in Fig. 11. Twobolts, 44, are preferably provided for securing the shank 43 to thestandard 38, and the standard is provided with a segmental slot 45 forthe upper bolt. By this construction, the vertical angle of the disks tothe shank'43 may be adjusted. If more than two bolts areused,acorrespondin g number of segmental slots is of course provided.The upper end of the shank 43 is fitted into the bearing 26 in the boss24 of the bracket 17, as best shown in Fig. 21, and is free to rotatetherein. By rotating the shank 43 in its bearing, the angle of the disks28 and 29 to the line of motion of the cultivator will be adjusted.

46, indicates a lever, which is provided with a hole 47 at its outerend, adapted to fit over the upper end of the shank 43. A key 48 isprovided, which passes through a hole in the lever 46 and through asimilar hole in the shank 43, to secure the lever upon the shank. Anumber of holes is provided at diiferent points in the shank 43, so thatdifferent adj ustments may be made. The lever 46 is of such length thatit will extend to the outer edge of the segment 18, and is provided witha lug 49, whereby a recess 50 is formed, adapted to receive the edge ofthe segment 18. By this construction, the lever is held closely upon thesegment as it is movedthereupon.

51, indicates a pin which passes through a suitable hole in the lever46, and is adapted to enter one of the holes 20 in the bracket 17, tolock the lever at any desired point. By this means the angle of thedisks 28 and 29 to the line of motion of the cultivator may be veryaccurately adjusted. The holes 20 in corresponding segments of thebrackets at opposite sides of the arch 8 are at similar distances fromeach other, so that by counting the holes the angle of adjustment of thedisks 28 and 29 of the two gangs may be made to be exactly the same. Bythis means, the disks at both sides of the cultivator maybe made to lieat equal angles to the line of H10- tion of the cultivator, and theaction of the cultivator thereby rendered much more easy.

68, indicates a collar adapted to fit upon the shank 43, which is adjustably secured thereupon immediately below the bracket 17, and servesto prevent the weight of the cultivator frame from forcing the bracketdown to the lower portion ,of the shank. The disk 27 is secured upon itsshaft 31 by means of a bolt 52, which passes through the center of theshaft 31, which is tubular, and is secured in place by means of a nut'53, which screws upon the other end of said bolt, as best shown in Fig.7. Plates 54 serve to hold the disk 27 in position, which plates aretightly bound together by bolts 70 which pass through the plates and theintermediate disk 27. V

55, indicates asand band mounted on one end of the bolt 52, and providedwith an annular flange adapted to receive the adjacent portion of one ofthe plates 54, as best shown in Figs. 7 and 8.

56, indicates a standard, which carriesthe shaft 31, the lower end ofwhich standard is adapted to receive the adjacent portion of,

the other plate 54, and to serveas a sand band. Between the innerportion of the standard 56 and the adjacent plate 54, is provided aleather washer 57, to take the wear caused by the rotation of the disk27 andplates'54, substantialiy'as hereinbefore described with regard tothe mounting of the disks 28 and 29. The standard 56 is provided with arearward projecting arm 58, which carries a scraper 59, arrangedsubstantially in the same manner as the scrapers 41.

60, indicates a shank, which is rigidly connected atits lower end to thestandard 56, and at its upper end is circular in cross section, to adaptit to fit into the bearing 26 in the boss 25, as best shown in Fig. 21.By rotating the shank 60 in its bearing, the angle of the disk 27 to theline of motion of the cultivator may be adjusted asdesired. A lever 46is rigidly secured to the upper end of the shank 60, in a, mannersubstantially similar to that described for the lever 46 in connectionwith the shank 43. The lever which is connected to theupper end of theshank 60 moves upon the segment 19. l The disk 27 may, by thisconstruction, be adjusted at any desired angle to the line of motion ofthe cultivator, and its adjustment is entirely independent of that ofthe disks 28 and 29. All of thedisks are also vertically adjustable, asit is evident that the shanks 43 and 60 may be moved upward to anydesired point in their respective bearings, and they are rigidly securedby securing the levers 46 upon them.

69, indicates a collar, whichis secured upon the shank 60 below thebracket 17, thepurpose of which is the same as that of the collar 68.

The cultivator herein described is more particularly adapted for use incultivating corn, although it is well adapted for use in cultivatingother crops. In the cultivation of corn, the ollice of the outer disks28 and 29 is to cultivate the ground between the rows, while the innerdisks 27 operate to cultivate the ground close to the crop. The, twoouter disks, in the construction shown, may be set at an angle to stirthe soil and throw it more or less toward or from the crop, while theindependent adjustment of the inner disks permits of their being setclose to the corn atany desired depth, and at an angle which, while itstirs the soil and thoroughly cuts the weeds, will not throw dirt enoughto cover the young p1ants,-nor go deep enough to disturb thetenderroots. 7

, The various adjustments which are provided for in the constructiondescribed, also will adapt my improved cultivator for usein thecultivation of crops of all kinds.

That which I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a disk cultivator, the combination with a supporting frame, ofdisk gangs carried thereby, each of said gangshaving an independentVertically adjustable inner disk carried by a standard which is providedwith a cylindrical spindle vertically movable and axially rotatable inthe supporting frame to ditferent positions, for raising and loweringand angularly adjusting the inner disk devices adjustable on the spindlefor supporting the latter after its vertical adjustment, and means forholding the spindle against axial rotation substantially asdescribed.

2. In a disk cultivator, the combination with a supporting frame, ofdisk gangs arranged at opposite sides of the supporting frame, each ganghaving inner and outer disks carried by independent standards each ofwhich is provided with a cylindrical spindle vertically movable andaxially rotatable in the supporting frame to difierent positions,devices adjustable vertically on the spindles for supporting the latterafter their vertical adjustment, and means for engaging'the adj ustabledevices to hold the spindle against axial rotation substantially asdescribed.

3. In a disk cultivator, the combination with asupporting frame, of diskgangs arranged at opposite sides of the frame, each gang having anindependent vertically adjustable inner disk carried by a standard whichis "provided with a spindle axially rotatable in the supporting frameand vertically adj ustable therein to different positions, a leveradjustably secured onthe spindle for axially turning the latter and alsosupporting it after its vertical adjustment, and lockingdevices forholding thelever and thereby preventing axial'rotation of the spindlesubstantially as described.

4. In a disk ciiltivator, the combination with a supporting frame, ofdisk gangs carried thereby, each gang having an independent verticallyadjustable inner disk carried by a standard which isprovided with aspindle axially rotatable in the supporting frame and movable verticallytherein to difierent positions, a lever having a collar adjustablysecured on the spindle for axially turning the latter and alsosupporting'it after its vertical adjustment, and a locking segment withwhichthelever engages for varying the angle of the disk relatively tothe line of draft, substantially as described.

5. In a disk cultivator, the combination with a supportingframe, of diskgangs arranged at opposite sidesthereof, each gang having inner andouter disks carriedby independent standards which are provided withspindles axially rotatable in the supporting frame and verticallymovable therein to different positions, and levers adj ustably securedonthe spindles for axially turning the latter and also supporting themafter their vertical adjustment, substantially as described.

6. In a disk cultivator, the combination with a supporting frame, ofdisk gangs at opposite sides thereof, each gang having inner and outerdisks carried by independent standards which are provided with spindlesaxially rotatable in the supporting frame and vertically adjustable todifferent positions, levers having collars adj ustably secured on thespindles for axially turning the latter and also supporting them aftertheir vertical adjustment, and a pair of locking segments with whichsaid levers engage for the purpose of varying the angle of the disksrelatively to the lineof draft, substantially as described.

7. In a disk cultivator, the combination of the arched frame 8, havingat its ends theinward projecting horizontal supports 9, the disksupporting brackets 17 adjustable along the horizontal supports, thestandards 38 and 56 having the spindles 43 and axially r0- tatable inthe brackets and vertically adjustable therein to different positions,the levers 46 having collars adjustably secured on the spindles foraxially turning the latter and, also supporting themafter their verticaladjustment, and a pair of locking segments 18 and 19 extending inreverse directions and with which the levers respectively engage forvarying the angle of thedisks relatively to the line of draft,substantially as described.

8. In a diskcultivatonthe combination of the arched frame 8 having atitsends the inward projecting horizontal supports 9,'witl1 the disk gangssupported by the inward projecting horizontal supports, each of saidgangs having inner and outer disks carried byindependent standardsaxially rotatable and vertically adjustable to'diiferent positions, andlevers adj ustably secured on the-spindles for axially turning thelatter and also supporting them after their vertical adjustment,substantially as described.

9. In a disk cultivator, the-combination of the arched frame 8 having atits ends the inward projecting horizontal supports 9, with disk gangssuspended fromsaid horizontal supports, each of said gangs having innerand outer disks vertically adjustable independent of each other,substantially asdescribed.

10. Ina disk cultivator, the combination with asupporting frame, of anarch SQbrack- -ets 17 carried by said arch and each having a bar 26 andasegment 18, disks having standards 38 and 56 provided with spindles43and 6O rotatable and vertically adjustable in the brackets, andcollars 68 having levers 46 and adjustable to different heightsonthespindies for supporting the latter after their vertical adjustment,substantially as described.

11. In a disk cultivator, the combination with a supporting frame, anarch 8, having inward extensions 9, of brackets 17 mounted on'saidextensions, each of said brackets having segments 18 and 19,andbosses 24: and 25, having bearings 26, shanks mounted insaid bear:ings, and disks carried by said shanks, substantially as described.

12. In a disk cultivator, the combination of a supporting frame, and anarch Bat the rear end thereof, said arch having inward extensions 9,having holes 23, brackets 17 mounted upon said extensions 9, andadjustable thereupon, each of said brackets having segments 18 and 19,adjusting holes 20, bosses 24: and 25, and bearings 26, a shank 43carried in each of said brackets 17, disks 28 and 29 carried by each ofsaid shanks, a shank 60 carried by each of said brackets 17, a disk 27carried by each of said shanks 60, collars 68 and 69, and levers 46 forrotating said shanks 43 and 60, substantially as described.

13. In a disk cultivator, the combination of an arch 8 having rigidprojecting supports 9 extending inwardly toward each other, with rotarydisks having supporting brackets suspended from said rigid projectingsupports, substantially as described.

14. In a disk cultivator, the combination of an arch 8 having rigidprojecting supports 9 extending inwardly toward each other, with rotarydisks having their supporting brackets suspended from and adjustable toand from arch 8, having inwardextending portions 9, 25

and brace rods 10, substantially as described.

J OHN- F. PAOKER. Witnesses:

J OHN L. J AoKsoN, CHARLES E. PICKARD.

